Asthma (Asthma)

Asthma (Asthma)

DEFINITION

Asthma disease (asthma) is a chronic disease chronic illness that attacks the respiratory tract (bronchiale) in the lung where there is inflammation (inflammation) in the wall cavity bronchiale resulting in airway narrowing that finally someone is experiencing shortness of breath. Asthma is most prevalent in developed countries, especially the high levels of air pollution from vehicle fumes and dust of the desert.

CAUSE

Until now the cause of asthma is not certain despite having a lot of research by experts. Theory or hypothesis about the cause of a person suffering from asthma has not been agreed upon by experts in the medical world.

However, that can be concluded is that in patients with asthma, respiratory tract has a distinctive character that is very sensitive to various stimuli (bronchial airway hyperreactivity = hipereaktivitas) such as air pollution (smoke, dust, chemicals), pollen, cold air, food , furry animals, mental stress, odor / aroma pungent (eg perfume), and sports.

Besides the occurrence of asthma attacks as a result of the impact the patient experienced an upper respiratory infection (ARI) either flu or sinisitis. Asthma attacks can also be experienced by some women during the menstrual cycle, but it is extremely rare.

Increased rates of asthma was associated with the presence of risk factors that support a person suffering from asthma, such as heredity. If a mother or father suffered from asthma, chances are the people with asthma in the family.

SYMPTOMS

The signs and symptoms of asthma include:

- Breathing sounds (wheezing / wheeze / asthma), especially when exhaling (exhalation). Not all asthmatics have respiratory sounds, and not everyone who terdegar breathing (wheezing) is an asthmatic.

- The presence of shortness of breath due to narrowing of the bronchi channel (bronchiale).

- Prolonged cough at night or in cold weather.

- The patient complaints of chest felt tight.

- Severe asthma attack which causes the patient can not speak because of difficulty in breathing.

At the age of the children, initial symptoms may include itching in the chest cavity or neck. During an asthma attack, a sense of excessive anxiety can worsen the condition of the patient. As a reaction to anxiety, patients will also be spending a lot of sweat.

PREVENTION

Appropriate steps can be taken to avoid an asthma attack is away from the underlying factors that trigger asthma attacks itself. Each patient generally has its own characteristics to things that trigger her asthma attacks. Upon the occurrence of asthma attacks, if the patient had felt able to breathe freely but it is advisable to continue the treatment according to the drug and the dosage given by a physician.

MANAGEMENT / TREATMENT

Asthma (asthma) has yet to be treated completely, it means that asthma attacks can occur at a later date. Handling and delivery of medicines to patients with asthma is an act of assault arising from an address where adjusted to the severity of signs and symptoms themselves. The basic principle is the treatment of asthma attacks by administering injections of either drug (hydrocortisone), syrup Ventolin (salbutamol) or nebulizer (gas salbutamol) to help loosen the respiratory tract.

In the mild cases in which the perceived existence of the complaints that lead to the symptoms of asthma attacks or to prevent further attacks, the medical team or doctor will prescribe tablets as Aminophylin and Prednisolone. For people with asthma, it is suggested to them to provide / keep inhaled medications (Ventolin inhaler) no matter where they are to help loosen the respiratory tract when his attacks.