Kidney Disease

Kidney Disease

Kidney disease is a disease in which kidney function has decreased until finally no longer able to work at all in terms of screening disposal of the body electrolytes, maintain fluid balance and body chemicals such as sodium and potassium in the blood or urine production.

Kidney disease can affect anyone who suffers serious illness or injury where it impacts directly on the kidney itself. Kidney disease more common in those aged adults, especially in the elderly.

CAUSE

The occurrence of renal failure caused by a serious illness suffered by the body which gradually affects the renal organ damage. As for some diseases that often affect kidney damage include:

• High blood pressure (hypertension)
• Diabetes Mellitus
• Presence of urinary tract obstruction (stones, tumors, narrowing / stricture)
• Autoimmune disorders such as systemic lupus erythematosus
• With cancer (cancer)
• Kidney disorders, where there is the development of many cysts on the kidney itself (polycystic kidney disease)
• Damage to the kidneys filter cells either by infection or inflammation due to the impact of high blood pressure. Medical terms is referred to as glomerulonephritis.

As for other diseases also can cause kidney failure if not quickly addressed, among others; a sudden a lot of fluid loss (vomiting, bleeding, burns), as well as other diseases such as pulmonary disease (TB), syphilis, malaria, hepatitis, preeclampsia, drugs, and amyloidosis.

Renal disease develops slowly in the direction in which the kidneys are getting worse no longer able to work as their function. In medicine there are two kinds of attacks to kidney failure, which is "acute kidney failure" and "chronic renal failure".

SYMPTOMS

The signs and symptoms of kidney failure experienced by patients in acute include: swollen eyes, legs, severe low back pain (colic), urinary pain, fever, urinating less, red urine / blood, frequent urination. Abnormalities of urine: Protein, Blood / Red blood cells, white blood cells / leucocytes, bacteria.

While the signs and symptoms that may arise by the presence of chronic renal failure include: weakness, no energy, appetite, nausea, vomiting, swelling, decreased urination, itching, shortness of breath, pale / anemic. Urinary disorders: Protein, erythrocytes, leukocytes. Results of other laboratory abnormalities: blood creatinine increased, decreased Hb, Urine: protein is always positive.

Diagnosis

Ask a doctor after the patient's medical history and signs and symptoms, to determine the presence / occurrence of the failure of kidney function that he would perform a physical examination that focused on the possibility of kidney enlargement or swelling around the kidney. If the suspected occurrence of impaired renal function, then the patient will be consulted to a kidney specialist (Nephrologist).

Further laboratory examination, either blood or urine to see the levels of electrolytes sodium and potassium / potassium. In the particular cases the medical team may perform the installation of a catheter tube into the urine bag (bladder), to remove the urine. When required, the medical team will advise shooting examination of kidney structures by the method of Ultrasound, Computed tomography (CT) scans or by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. There is even a possibility of action biopsy, the sampling (sample) of kidney tissue.

TREATMENT

Handling and treatment of kidney failure depends on the cause of the failure of kidney function itself. In essence, the goal of treatment is to control the symptoms, minimizing complications and slowing progression of the disease. For example, patients may need a diet low intake of sodium, potassium, protein and fluids. When a known cause is the impact of other diseases, your doctor will prescribe medicines or therapies, such as drug delivery for treatment of hypertension, anemia, or maybe high cholesterol.

Someone who experienced failure of kidney function should be monitored very entry (intake) and expenditure (output) of fluid, so that a given action and treatment can be done well. In some serious cases, patients will be advised or given blood laundering measures {Haemodialisa (dialysis)}. Another possibility is the act of a kidney transplant or kidney transplant.

PREVENTION

We are in a state of "feeling well" at least expected to carry out investigation into the doctor / control / laboratory. As for those who otherwise have renal impairment, either mild or moderate, is expected to be cautious in taking drugs such as rheumatic drugs, certain antibiotics and treated immediately if infected, avoid the lack of fluids (vomiting), and controls periodically.